Penggunaan plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) untuk perbaikan performa viabilitas benih beberapa varietas padi (Oryza sativa L.) setelah penyimpanan selama tiga bulan

Abstract

Quality of the seed is important not only for plant production but also for plant breeding activities to ensure the sustainability of the selection. The porpuse of this research was to study the effect of PGPR on the seeds of some rice varieties after three months of storage.  The research was carried out in January - May 2016 at the Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Laboratoty of phytopathology, Agriculture Faculty, Lambung Mangkurat University.  The experiment was arranged based on Factorial Randomized Block Design 2x4x5 with two replications. The variables observed were seeds germination, simultaneity of seedlings growth, speed of seedlings growth, and dry weight of normal seedlings. The average values test was conducted by Least Significant Different test. The effect of single factor of PGPR (A), seed storage duration (L), variety (V), and L x V interaction were very significant on all variables. The effect of Ax L and A x V interactions were very significant on seeds germination and the speed of seeds growth, while the effect of A x L x V interaction was very significant on seeds germination and the simultaneity of seeds growth.  The best seeds germination showed by a₁l₀v₂ (Cantik variety at the beginning of storage and applied with PGPR), namely 99.25% but not significantly different with some other combinations. The best simultaneity of seedlings growth showed by a₁l₀v₅ (GM 46 at the beginning of storage and applied with PGPR), namely 97.25% and not significantly different with some other combinations. Ciherang (v₄) and  GM 46 (v₅) that have been stored for 3 months and applied with PGPR still qualify for certified seed quality (seed germination ≥  80%) while without PGPR application doesn’t  qualify for standard of seed quality. The values of simultaneity of seedlings growth of varities that have been stored for 3 months and applied with PGPR were moderate (48.50 % - 65.75 %)  but the values of seedlings growth speed < 50 % etmal  (24.13 % etmal – 31.04 % etmal).